classic film – EXSM 3989 – Digital Storytelling Class Blog

Describing one of my favourites, Casablanca (1942).

Why is Casablanca one of my favourite stories?

The classic Casablanca line

Aside from often quoted lines and wonderful music score, the location of Casablanca provides a visually engaging backdrop. The setting against the complicated geo-political backdrop of World War 2, adds struggle – a key story component according to O’Hara (2014) – to the compelling 3 act structure.

The Story in 3 Acts

The Story Spine method helps convey the key moments. However, Casablanca is highly complex, explores multiple character arcs and has numerous twists, which is why the film is so enduring!

Act 1 – Setting the scene

Once upon a time, as people flee German occupied Europe desperate to reach safe-havens, they pass through Vichy controlled Casablanca.

Every day, cynical Rick manages ‘Rick’s Cafe Americian’, a popular Casablanca casino, which is known for it’s music. This song is one of the reasons I love this film!

“*Play it again Sam” is never said in Casablanca!*

Act 2 – all about the girl?

But one day, Victor and his wife Ilsa walk into Rick’s Cafe seeking help.

“Of all the gin joints in all the towns in the world, she walks into mine.”
Rick Blaine (played by Humphrey Bogart)

Because of that, Rick is conflicted, as he sticks his “neck out for nobody“. Through flashbacks we explore his history… we start to understand Rick’s jaded attitude…

Because of that, despite Isla’s pleas Rick won’t hand over the papers he has acquired that the couple need to escape. Victor is subsequently arrested at an underground resistance meeting. Rick still loves her???

Because of that, Rick tells the local Vichy French police chief, Captain Louis Renault, that he wants to leave Casablanca with Ilsa. Rick suggests the police release Victor and create a trap. If the police can detain Victor attempting an escape, he will face harsher punishment and Renault can win favour with the local German Commander. A cunning plan…

Until finally, Rick double-crosses Renault, forcing him to phone his officers sending them away. Unbeknownst to Rick, Renault calls the German Commander, who tries to stop the plane, but is shot by Rick. Ilsa and Victor to escape on a plane bound for Lisbon. Which was Rick’s plan all along… Plot twist!

Character motives and pasts are explored in flashbacks and call backs throughout the film.

Act 3 – Spoiler! He doesn’t get the girl…

And ever since then, Renault doesn’t arrest Rick nor stop the plane, but suggests he and Rick escape Casablanca and join the French resistance! Rick’s jaded outlook fades as he returns back to his idealist ways.

“Louis, I think this is the beginning of a beautiful friendship.”
Rick Blaine (played by Humphrey Bogart)

Bonus – Unsolved mystery

Rick’s past is alluded to, but we never find out why he can’t go home to America… Leaving an unanswered question divides critics, some feel it leaves the consumer empty whilst others feel it’s important to be left wanting more. I quite like that we are left with the mystery….

Most people are familiar with the hit Broadway musical Hairspray and the 2007 film adaptation starring Nikki Blonsky, Zac Efron and John Travolta. Fewer are familiar with the original 1988 film it was based on. Directed by cult film icon and “Ru Paul’s Drag Race” guest John Waters, the film stars Rikki Lake, Jerry Stiller and frequent Waters’ collaborator Divine.

The basics of the plot, about a plus-sized teen named Tracy Turnblad who becomes a dancer on a local program called The Corny Collins Show, fits well into Ken Adams’ story spine breakdown:

Every day, Tracy watches a dance show after school and practices her dance moves.

But one day, she tries out for an open spot for featured dancers and becomes one of the most popular on the show.

Because of that, Tracy is nominated for the show’s talent pageant and begins a relationship with a dancer she has a crush on.

Because of that, she angers her rival, the rich mean girl Amber, who bullies Tracy.

Then, Tracy learns more about racial segregation of the show that keeps Black dancers from participating.

Because of that, Tracy begins to speak out against injustice as part of her pageant platform and challenges the status-quo of the show.

Then, a riot over integration breaks out at a live show taping and Tracy gets arrested.

Because of that, Tracy is banned from the pageant and her friends and family help her fight back and crash the pageant live on-air.

Until finally, Tracy is crowned the winner, and the hosts announce that The Corny Collins Show is officially integrated.

Of course, this simple summary doesn’t include all the fantastic details and side stories that made this film so appealing to me when I first saw it as a preteen. As a plus-sized girl, it was refreshing to see a larger girl written to be accepting of and confident in herself, a universal theme that would meet the standards of the Pixar storytelling model. Tracy is unashamed of her body and pursues the affections of the leading man without any hesitation or reservation. When Amber, her mean girl rival with conventional looks, criticizes Tracy’s body, Tracy holds her own and impresses the judges for dance council with her answers and poise while Amber is sent home and suspended from the show for her bullying. The people who criticize Tracy are presented in a poor light while the movie shows her moving on and becoming successful without changing her appearance to suit others.

In a Twitter thread recounted by the Gizmodo article, “The 22 rules of storytelling according to Pixar,” storyboard artist Emma Coats wrote that a character should be admired for “trying more than for success.” In Hairspray, Tracy uses her popularity to speak out against injustice for others and not just for herself. She speaks up for her friends who are not allowed to dance and joins a protest against segregation over being on an episode. She is admirable in her convictions and even her hairstyles are a metaphor for Tracy’s journey and the changing times as she goes from popular tall and ratted styles to the more modern sleek styles of the latter part of the tremulant 1960s.

The outrageous fashion and exaggerated takes on popular hairstyles of the 60s give it the eye-catching appeal that allows you to instantly recall the feel and setting of the film. The story is told with a visual flair and an over-the-top aesthetic characteristic to John Waters’ direction. Though not digital elements, they are an example of how visuals make an impact and help us to remember a story, as discussed by Ashley Fell’s Ted Talk on digital storytelling.

Even though it is, as critic Pauline Kael noted in her New Yorker review, more of a parody of a teen comedy and not as sincere as its musical counterpart, the 1988 Hairspray is still full of heart and endearing in its universal messages of acceptance and social justice. It deserves to be remembered as much as its musical adaptation and enjoyed as an introduction to John Waters’ wild film canon.